What is hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism (referred to as "hypothyroidism") is a common endocrine disease. Due to insufficient secretion or weakened effect of thyroid hormone, the metabolic rate of the whole body decreases. In recent years, thyroid health issues have become a hot topic, especially the early identification and treatment of hypothyroidism. The following is a compilation of thyroid-related hot topics that have been hotly discussed on the Internet in the past 10 days:
| hot topics | Main content | Attention |
|---|---|---|
| The relationship between hypothyroidism and obesity | Discuss how insufficient thyroid hormone can lead to weight gain | high |
| Hypothyroidism screening during pregnancy | Experts call for strengthening thyroid function testing in pregnant women | Middle to high |
| Hypothyroidism diet regimen | Effects of iodine, selenium and other nutrients on thyroid function | in |
| new alternative therapies | Controversy over the efficacy of T3/T4 compound drugs | low middle |
1. Definition of hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism means that the thyroid gland cannot secrete enough thyroid hormones (T3, T4), or the body's response to hormones is weakened. Thyroid hormone regulates important functions such as metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate. Its deficiency can lead to multi-system symptoms throughout the body.
2. Main symptoms
| system | Common symptoms |
|---|---|
| metabolic system | Intolerance to cold, weight gain, edema |
| nervous system | memory loss, depression, drowsiness |
| cardiovascular system | Slowed heart rate, low blood pressure |
| skin hair | Dry skin, hair loss, brittle nails |
3. Analysis of common causes
According to recent medical research, the main causes of hypothyroidism include:
| Cause type | Proportion | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Autoimmune (Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis) | 60-70% | Immune system mistakenly attacks thyroid gland |
| iodine deficiency | 15-20% | More common in areas with insufficient iodine intake |
| Iatrogenic (after surgery/radiotherapy) | 10-15% | Thyroidectomy or radiation therapy |
4. Latest progress in diagnosis and treatment
The diagnosis and treatment guidelines updated in 2023 emphasize:
1.diagnostic criteria:TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)>4.5mIU/L, and free T4 is lower than the normal range.
2.Treatment of choice: Levothyroxine (Euthyroxine) needs to be administered on an individual basis based on body weight (1.6 μg/kg).
3.Monitoring frequency:Recheck TSH every 6-8 weeks in the initial stage, and follow-up every 6-12 months after stabilization.
5. Daily management and prevention
Based on recent health science content, it is recommended that patients with hypothyroidism:
| Project | specific suggestions |
|---|---|
| diet | Eat an appropriate amount of seafood to supplement iodine, and avoid eating a lot of raw cruciferous vegetables |
| sports | Choose low-intensity aerobic exercise (such as walking, yoga) |
| Medication precautions | Take the medicine on an empty stomach in the morning and avoid taking it with calcium/iron supplements |
Although hypothyroidism cannot be cured, with standardized treatment and scientific management, patients can maintain a normal life. If symptoms such as persistent fatigue and chills occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention to check thyroid function in time.
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